12 Principles of Green Chemistry

 

The Twelve Principles of Green Chemistry were proposed by Paul Anastas and John Warner in their book Green Chemistry: Theory and Practice (1998).

 

(Note: The wording of each Principle below has been simplified from the original source, but maintains the original intent.)

 

1.    Prevent waste

2.    Design safer chemicals and products

3.    Design less hazardous chemical syntheses

4.    Use renewable feedstocks 

5.    Use catalysts, not stoichiometric reagents

6.    Avoid chemical derivatives

7.    Maximize atom economy

8.    Use safer solvents and reaction conditions

9.    Increase energy efficiency

10.  Design chemicals and products to degrade after use

11.  Analyze in real time to prevent pollution

12.  Minimize the potential for accidents

 

Source (Adpated from the original): Paul T. Anastas and John C. Warner (1998) Green Chemistry: Theory and Practice; Oxford University Press

 

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